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An approach to achieve all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation in 2D square-lattice photonic crystals

Noori M., Soroosh M. and Baghban H.

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Abstract. We have investigated the possibility for achieving (in the same structure), an all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation (SC), one of the most urgent requirements in the field of optical integration. To obtain these attractive SC features in 2D square-array photonic crystals, we have used several strategies and performed testing calculations, using plane-wave expansion and finite-difference time-domain methods. We have not complicated the basic structure for the SC and ensured its simple geometry. The all-angle SC can arise when the optical material of a hole-type structure is high-index. Our results have testified that the SC in the hole-type structure is less dependent on the light polarization, if compared with a similar rod-type one. Our optimized SC structure has a bandwidth of Δf/fc = 2.61% and supports the all-angle SC for both TE and TM polarizations at the expense of small (~ 3o) deviation of light from the unique collimation direction. Notice that the latter can be tolerated in many integrated optical devices. 

Keywords: self-collimation, photonic crystals, equal-frequency contours, optical integrated circuits

PACS: 42.82.-m, 42.82.Gw, 42.82.Et, 42.79.Gn
UDC: 621.3
Ukr. J. Phys. Opt. 16 85-94
doi: 10.3116/16091833/16/2/85/2015
Received: 24.12.2014

Анотація.  Ми вивчили можливість одночасного отримання повнокутового, поляризаційно нечутливого і широкосмугового самоколімування (СК) на єдиній структурі. Це відповідає одній із актуальних вимог в галузі оптичного інтегрування. Для досягнення цих привабливих рис СК на двовимірних фотонних кристалах із квадратною матрицею було використано низку підходів і розрахункові перевірки на основі  методів розкладу за плоскими хвилями і скінченних різниць часових інтервалів. Ми не ускладнювали базову структуру для досягнення СК і зберегли її просту геометрію. СК з’являється для оптичного матеріалу в структурі діркового типу з високим показником заломлення . Наші результати засвідчили, що СК у структурі діркового типу слабше залежить від поляризації світла, ніж у схожій структурі стрижневого типу. Наша оптимізована структура для СК має ширину смуги Δf/fc = 2,61% і підтримує повнокутове СК для обох поляризації TE і TM коштом незначного (~ 3o) відхилення світла від єдиного напрямку колімування. Останній недолік не є суттєвим для інтегрованих оптичних пристроїв. 
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